Phnom Kulen has major symbolic importance for Cambodia as the birthplace of the ancient Khmer Empire, for it was at Phnom Kulen that king Jayavarman II proclaimed independence from Java in 802 CE. It was further developed under the rule of Udayadityavarman II, who mad it the capital of his empire and constructed many temples and residences as well as the 1000 lingas at Kbal Spean.

Phnom Kulen is considered a holy mountain in Cambodia, of special religious significance to Hindus and Buddhists who come to the mountain in pilgrimage. Near these mountains is Preah Ang Thom, a 16th century Buddhist monastery notable for the giant reclining Buddha. The country’s largest. It straddling the districts of Svay Leu and Va Rin. Its purpose is recreational and scientific in order to preserve the natural scenic features of Phnom Kulen mountain, like some famous waterfalls. The park is located about 48 kilometres (30 minutes) to the north of the provincial town of Siem Reap.